10.23. Compulsive Exercise Test (CET)

Warning

(§) Permissible for use in some situations but not all (e.g.: clinical, research, commercial, educational), enforced by CamCOPS based on the user’s replies.

A 24-item, 5-subscale self-report scale relating to compulsive exercise, applicable in the context of eating disorders.

Each statement is rated from 0 (never true) to 5 (always true).

10.23.1. History and guide

Developed in:

• Taranis, L. (2010). Compulsive exercise and eating disorder related pathology. PhD thesis, Loughborough University. https://repository.lboro.ac.uk/articles/thesis/Compulsive_exercise_and_eating_disorder_related_pathology/9609239/1; EThOS ID: uk.bl.ethos.544467.

  • CC BY-NC-ND 2.5 licence; see PDF page 3 in the preamble.

  • Full scale in Appendix B, page 253 (PDF page 271).

  • Reverse-scored items are apparent from the phrasing but made explicit in Table 2.1, pages 79-80 (PDF pages 97-98), namely questions 8 and 12.

  • Table 2.1 describes the five subscales (and factors):

    1. Avoidance and rule-driven behaviour: questions 9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 20, 22, 23.

    2. Weight control exercise: questions 2, 6, 8 (*), 13, 18.

    3. Mood improvement: questions 1, 4, 14, 17, 24.

    4. Lack of exercise enjoyment: questions 5, 12 (*), 21.

    5. Exercise rigidity: questions 3, 7, 19.

    (*) Reverse-scored.

    Each subscale is scored as a mean, i.e. sum of items / number of items (p. 78 / PDF p. 96).

    • Check: These means appear to compatible with the 0-5 scale one would expect (see e.g. p. 107 / PDF page 125).

    The CET total is the sum of subscales (p. 81 / PDF p. 99).

    • Check: the CET total is therefore scored 0-25; and as expected, Table 2.3 (p. 86 / PDF p. 104), the sum of the subscales (“M” values for variables 2-6) is the same as the CET total (“M” value for variable 7); likewise for Table 2.5 (p. 92 / PDF p. 110)

Subsequently, papers include:

• Taranis L, Touyz S, Meyer C (2011). Disordered eating and exercise: development and preliminary validation of the compulsive exercise test (CET). European Eating Disorders Review 19: 256. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21584918/

  • Confirms reverse scoring for questions 8 and 12 (only) (p. 260).

  • Confirms subscale score = mean score for those questions (p. 259).

  • Confirms total = sum of subscales (p. 259).

• Goodwin H, Haycraft E, Taranis L, Meyer C (2011). Psychometric evaluation of the compulsive exercise test (CET) in an adolescent population: links with eating psychopathology. European Eating Disorders Review 19: 269. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21584919/

• Taranis L, Meyer C (2011). Associations between specific components of compulsive exercise and eating-disordered cognitions and behaviors among young women. International Journal of Eating Disorders 44: 452. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20721896/

• Meyer C, Plateau CR, Taranis L, Brewin N, Wales J, Arcelus J (2016). The Compulsive Exercise Test: confirmatory factor analysis and links with eating psychopathology among women with clinical eating disorders. Journal of Eating Disorders 4: 22. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27547403/

10.23.2. Source

• Taranis (2010), as above.

10.23.3. Intellectual property rights

• Original (Taranis 2010): copyright © Lorin Taranis, 2010. Licensed under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 2.5 licence, as above.

• Regarding the “ND” aspects: Creative Commons explain that “merely changing the format never creates a derivative”, and that “CC licenses grant permission to use the licensed material in any media or format regardless of the format in which it has been made available. This is true even if you have applied a NoDerivatives license to your work. Once a CC license is applied to a work in one format or medium, a licensee may use the same work in any other format or medium without violating the licensor’s copyright.”

  The modern (2023) version 4.0 of this license:

  • https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.en

  • https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode.en; “Media and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.”

  Those statements apply also to license version 2.5, the relevant one:

  • https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/deed.en; “Merely changing the format never creates a derivative.”

  • https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/legalcode.en; “The above rights may be exercised in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter devised. The above rights include the right to make such modifications as are technically necessary to exercise the rights in other media and formats, but otherwise you have no rights to make Derivative Works. All rights not expressly granted by Licensor are hereby reserved, including but not limited to the rights set forth in Sections 4(d) and 4(e).”

  Explanations:

  • https://creativecommons.org/faq/#when-is-my-use-considered-an-adaptation

  • https://creativecommons.org/faq/#can-i-take-a-cc-licensed-work-and-use-it-in-a-different-format

  • https://creativecommons.org/faq//#when-i-release-my-work-under-a-cc-license-in-one-format-e.g.-.pdf-can-i-restrict-licensees-from-changing-it-to-or-using-it-in-other-formats

• E-mailed Lorin Taranis (at University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust) on 13 Dec 2023/20 Dec 2023. She kindly confirmed permissions (to Rudolf Cardinal et al.) on 20 Dec 2023.