.. docs/source/tasks/cesd.rst
.. Copyright (C) 2012, University of Cambridge, Department of Psychiatry.
Created by Rudolf Cardinal (rnc1001@cam.ac.uk).
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.. _cesd:
Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D, CESD)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
A 20-item self-report scale for detecting depression. The CESD (1977) and
CESD-R (2004) both have 20 items, but their content differs slightly.
History and guide
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Original reference (CES-D):
- Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self report depression scale for
research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurements, 1,
385-401; https://doi.org/10.1177/014662167700100306.
Revision (CESD-R):
- Eaton WW, Muntaner C, Smith C, Tien A, Ybarra M. Center for Epidemiologic
Studies Depression Scale: Review and revision (CESD and CESD-R). In: Maruish
ME, ed. The Use of Psychological Testing for Treatment Planning and Outcomes
Assessment. 3rd ed. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum; 2004:363-377.
About the scale:
- http://www.apa.org/pi/about/publications/caregivers/practice-settings/assessment/tools/depression-scale.aspx
Use of the cutoff "16 or greater" as a way of detecting depression (according
to the APA link above; original article paywalled):
- Lewinsohn, P.M., Seeley, J.R., Roberts, R.E., & Allen, N.B. (1997). Center
for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) as a screening
instrument for depression among community-residing older adults. Psychology
and Aging, 12, 277-287.
PMID `9189988 `_;
https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.12.2.277.
Source
~~~~~~
CESD
- Radloff (1977), as above.
- http://www.bmedreport.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/CES-D-Standford-Version.pdf
- First question is *"I was bothered by things that usually don't bother
me"*.
CESD-R:
- Overview: https://cesd-r.com/
- Scoring system: https://cesd-r.com/cesdr/
- CESD-R scale: https://cesd-r.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/cesdrscale.pdf
- First question is *"My appetite was poor"*.
Intellectual property rights
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- "This scale is free to use without permission"
(http://www.bmedreport.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/CES-D-Standford-Version.pdf,
accessed 2018-09-30)
- "The CESD-R is in the public domain so it is free to use in your research."
(http://cesd-r.com/about-cesdr/, accessed 2018-09-30)
.. _cesdr:
Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Revised (CESD-R)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
See :ref:`CESD `.